Mukutanga kwezana ramakore rechi 15, boka guru rezvikepe rakatanga kufamba kubva kuNanjing.Yakanga iri yekutanga yenzendo dzakatevedzana idzo, kwenguva pfupi, yaizosimbisa China sesimba rinotungamira rezera.Rwendo urwu rwakatungamirwa naZheng He, mufambi akakosha weChinese wenguva dzese uye mumwe wevafambisi vechikepe vakuru vati vambozivikanwa pasirese.Muchokwadi, vamwe vanhu vanofunga kuti aive muenzaniso wekutanga weiyo ane mukurumbira Sinbad the Sailor.
Muna 1371, Zheng He akaberekwa mune yava kunzi Ruwa rweYunnan nevabereki vechiMuslim, vakamutumidza kuti Ma Sanpao.Paakanga ava nemakore gumi nerimwe, mauto eMing aipinda nechisimba akatora Ma ndokuenda naye kuNanjing.Ikoko akachekwa ndokuitwa kuti ave ngomwa muimba youmambo.
Ma akashamwaridzana nemuchinda ipapo akazove Yong Le Emperor, mumwe weMing Dynasty akasarudzika.Akashinga, akasimba, akangwara uye akavimbika zvachose, Ma akakunda kuvimba kwemuchinda uyo, mushure mekukwira pachigaro, akamupa zita idzva ndokumuita Mukuru Mukuru weImperial Eunuch.
Yong Le akanga ari mambo ane manyawi aitenda kuti hukuru hweChina hwaizowedzerwa nemutemo “wakavhurika” maererano nekutengeserana nedzimwe nyika.Muna 1405, akarayira zvikepe zveChinese kuti zviende kuIndia Ocean, ndokuisa Zheng He mutariri werwendo.Zheng akaenderera mberi achitungamira nzendo nomwe mumakore makumi maviri nemasere, achishanyira nyika dzinopfuura makumi mana.
Zvikepe zvaZheng zvaiva nezvikepe zvinopfuura mazana matatu nevafambisi vengarava 30 000.Zvikepe zvakakura, 133-mamita-refu "zvikepe zvepfuma", zvaive neanosvika mapfumbamwe uye zvaigona kutakura vanhu chiuru.Pamwe chete nechikwata cheHan neMuslim, Zheng akavhura nzira dzekutengeserana muAfrica, India, uye Southeast Asia.
Nzendo idzi dzakabatsira kuwedzera kufarira kwekunze kwezvinhu zveChinese zvakaita sesilika uye porcelain.Uyezve, Zheng He akadzoka nezvinhu zvekare kuChina, kusanganisira twiza yakatanga kuonekwa ikoko.Panguva imwecheteyo, kusimba kwezvikepe kwaireva kuti Mambo weChina akaraira ruremekedzo uye akakurudzira kutya muAsia yose.
Kunyange zvazvo chinangwa chaZheng He chaiva chokuratidza ukuru hweMing China, aiwanzopindira mune zvematongerwo enyika dzenzvimbo dzaaishanyira.MuCeylon, somuenzaniso, akabetsera kudzorera mutongi akakodzera pachigaro choumambo.Pachitsuwa cheSumatra, icho zvino chave chikamu cheIndonesia, akakunda uto remukororo ane ngozi ndokuenda naye kuChina kunourayiwa.
Kunyange zvazvo Zheng He akafa muna 1433 uye zvimwe akavigwa mugungwa, guva rake uye dombo diki richiripo muRuwa rweJiangsu.Makore matatu Zheng He afa, mumwe mambo mutsva akarambidza kuvakwa kwengarava dzomugungwa, uye nguva pfupi yokuChina yokuwedzera ngarava dzehondo dzakapera.Urongwa hweChinese hwakatendeukira mukati, zvichisiya makungwa akajeka kune nyika dziri kusimukira dzeEurope.
Maonero anosiyana pakuti sei izvi zvaitika.Chipi kana chipi chingava chikonzero chacho, masimba anochengetedza akava nesimba guru, uye bviro yeChina yokutonga nyika haina kuitika.Zvinyorwa zvenzendo dzinoshamisa dzaZheng He zvakapiswa.Kutozosvikira mukuvamba kwezana ramakore rechi 20 apo mamwe mapoka ezvikepe ane ukuru hwakafanana akaenda kumakungwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-10-2022